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Wellness Foods + Supplements 3/2021

Wellness Foods & Supplements is the first European magazine devoted exclusively to health ingredients, nutraceutical foods and beverages. Questions about the trade magazine Wellness Foods & Supplements? Interested in subscribing or advertising? The board of editors at Wellness Foods & Supplements kindly remains at your disposal.

Minerals and

Minerals and micronutrients Bioavailability The bioavailability of minerals salts is influenced by several factors like the anion, the solubility, and the particle size. Studies have shown that smaller particle sizes increase the bioavailability of Ferric Pyrophosphate 2 . Microencapsulation In a micro-encapsulated mineral, every single particle of the product is coated with a thin layer of vegetable fat. Dr. Paul Lohmann ® offers coatings with sunflower oil, rapeseed oil or palm oil. This coating is achieved by a uniquely developed procedure, and provides a nearly complete and secure separation of the encapsulated active ingredient and the surrounding food or beverage. This enables manufacturers to fortify foods and food supplements with minerals, which would otherwise affect the quality of the product. Many Iron salts, for example, have a strong and unpleasantly metallic taste by nature and lead to lipid oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. The surrounding coating layer of the micro-encapsulated mineral salts provides an excellent taste masking effect, protects against fat oxidation and discoloration. Using a micro-encapsulated Iron salt, e. g. Ferrous Sulfate, offers the opportunity to manufacture Ironenriched products without any impairment in taste or quality. Granulation Granulated mineral salts enhance many manufacturing steps in the fortification of foods and food supplements. The granulation process enlarges the particle size by converting fine or coarse powders into physically strong and larger granules with uniform shape, good flow property, less dustiness as well as good compression characteristics. Granules are formed by adding a liquid solution (water with or without binding agent) to powders. Binding agents of the product line are maltodextrin, starch, PVP, citric acid and gum arabic. The special DC (direct compressible) Granules product line developed by Dr. Paul Lohmann ® covers Calcium, Magnesium, Iron and Zinc Salts offering lots of application benefits. From a production point of view, DC grades offer excellent tableting properties. Granulated DC grades solve challenges during the tableting process due to the physical modification. The use of directly compressable granu lated minerals for the tableting process eliminates the need of an in-house granulation process, and offers vast advantages in terms of production capability and cost. Triturations Trace elements like Selenium, Molybdenum or Iodine are used in very low dosages for the fortification of foods and beverages, as well as in food supplements. In order to ensure safe handling, a precise dosage and a homogeneous dispersion in the final product, Dr. Paul Lohmann ® offers triturations of trace elements (Selenium, Iodine, Chromium and Molybdenum) diluted in inert carrier materials such as Calcium Carbonate or Maltodextrin. References 1 Hinrichs, J., Krzeminski, A.: Mikro- und makrostrukturelle Matrixeigenschaften als Modulatoren der „Fett”-Wahrnehmung in Milchprodukten. In: Fettwahrnehmung und Sättigungsregulation: Ansatz zur Entwicklung fettreduzierter Lebensmittel. Forschungskreis der Ernährungsindustrie e.V. (FEI), 2012. 2 Wegmüller R., Zimmermann M.B., Moretti D., Arnold M., Langhans W., Hurrell R.F.: Particle size reduction and encapsulation affect the bioavailability of ferric pyrophosphate in rats. J Nutr. 2004 Dec;134(12):3301-4. For more information, please contact Dr. Paul Lohmann GmbH & Co. KGaA Hauptstr. 2 31860 Emmerthal, Germany sales@lohmann4minerals.com www.lohmann4minerals.com 28 No. 3 November/December 2021

Micronutrients for the immune system Photo © : Adobe Stock/alfaolga Micronutrients for the immune system: vitamin A, vitamin D, magnesium and zinc Philipp Gebhardt The immune system protects us from pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and fungi. Various micronutrients are of particular importance for the functioning of our body’s defences. Vitamin A, zinc, vitamin D and magnesium are essential for the normal function of the immune system. However, there is often insufficient intake with food, so that supplementation can be useful. Vitamin A Vitamin A is the name of a group of fat-soluble vitamins that are contained in animal foods as retinols. Plant sources contain provitamin A as beta-carotene, that can be converted into vitamin A in the body.(1) Vitamin A is essential for our health as it is involved in regulating the growth and specialization (differentiation) of practically all cell types. Adequate intake is a prerequisite for various physiological processes such as vision, embryonic development and the normal function of the immune system. In developing countries, vitamin A deficiency is a major health problem that affects around a third of children. An in adequate supply of vitamin A can have a significantly negative impact on the course of various infectious diseases such as measles, tuberculosis and malaria. Vitamin A deficiency is one of the leading causes of preventable cases of blindness worldwide, especially in children and women of childbearing age. A deficiency in the vitamin predisposes to various skin diseases and contributes to growth disturbances, which affect around 160 million children worldwide.(2) The German Nutrition Society recommends a daily intake of 850 µg so-called retinol activity equivalents for adult men and correspondingly 700 µg for adult women. It is assumed that 1 µg retinol can be formed in the body from 12 µg beta-carotene, so that a daily intake of 10.2 or 8.4 mg beta-carotene would be required in a purely plantbased diet. However, genetic polymorphisms affecting the enzyme beta-carotene monoxygenase, which converts beta-carotene into vitamin A, are widespread and affect the organism’s ability to convert provitamin A into vitamin A.(1) Around one in five Europeans does not get enough vitamin A through the diet. Children in particular are No. 3 November/December 2021 29

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