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Wellness Foods + Supplements 1/2022

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Wellness Foods & Supplements is the first European magazine devoted exclusively to health ingredients, nutraceutical foods and beverages. Questions about the trade magazine Wellness Foods & Supplements? Interested in subscribing or advertising? The board of editors at Wellness Foods & Supplements kindly remains at your disposal.

Microbiome It is now a

Microbiome It is now a generally accepted consensus that changes in the composition of our microbiome are associated with numerous diseases. This means that altering and enriching the microbiome can be used to maintain health and treat diseases. In particular, the gut microbiota critically intervenes in metabolism, immune system maturation, and the function of the central nervous system. This makes the microbiome a critical organ that influences the entire body. Gut Health 2.0 goes beyond digestion. Instead, it takes a holistic approach to health. Current research topics such as gut-immunity axis, gut-brain axis, gut-skin axis or gut-heart axis show the almost allencompassing significance of the human gut microbiome for human health. Axes represent the connections between the gut and individual human organs. An increasing number of studies demonstrate the incredible potential of the microbiome for various bodily functions. For example, it is now well established that a healthy microbiome is directly related to the skin’s health. As a multifunctional organ, it requires many micronutrients that are absorbed through the gut. Similarly, a dysfunctional microbiome is often closely related to metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus 2 . The microbiome also regulates the fitness of the immune system 3 . Healthy ageing and a longer life are also linked to the microbiome. A recent study 4 carried out in the United States shows that a high level of uniqueness and diversity of the microbiome is associated with increased survival. The microbiome-gut-brain axis takes on particular importance in studies. It is becoming clear that the composition and metabolism of the microbiome not only exert an important influence on mental disorders but also affect weight regulation. GUT-BRAIN AXIS GUT MICRO- BIOTA G U T - S K HPA GUT- BRAIN- SKIN AXIS I N BRAIN-SKIN AXIS A X I S PSORIASIS Even fitness and musculature are closely linked to the microbiome. For example, Swedish researchers 5 from the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm discovered in mice experiments that gut bacteria strongly influence normal skeletal muscle function. In any case, a holistic view of the body is essential for maintaining and improving health. The latest scientific findings show that a well-functioning, diverse microbiome has a central role as a control instrument for many aspects of the human body. Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics: the supporters of the microbiome When something is as essential as the microbiome, we should do everything we can to keep it in good shape. Fortunately, the digestive system comprises several built-in supporters for this: Probiotics – the viable microorganisms that multiply in the gut and, in sufficient quantities, impart health benefits to the host. Prebiotics – the non-digestible food components that boost growth and activity of ba cteria in the colon. They also block the binding of harmful bacteria. Synbiotics – a combination of probiotics and prebiotics that synergistically combines the benefits of both. Postbiotics – byproducts of the fermentation process. These are soluble factors secreted by live bacteria or released after bacterial lysis and provide physiological benefits to the host. However, for many scientists, the definition of postbiotics was not clear enough. In 2021, seeking clarity on what qualifies as a postbiotic, a panel of experts at the International Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) sought a new definition 6 . They defined a postbiotic as a “preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host”. Prebiotics – much more than a trendy product The demand for advanced prebiotics that have no side effects and are intended to support specific areas in the body is increasing permanently. Certain prebiotics are particularly beneficial for the microbiome. They target particular bacteria, which produce a high amount of short-chain fatty acids. SCFAs do not have to be modified during digestion and absorbed directly by the body. According to current research, shortchain fatty acids serve as “food”, especially 16 No. 1 April/May 2022

Microbiome for those intestinal bacteria with a particular protective function. They can prevent inflammation in the body and protect against an attack by the human organism on the body’s cells, the cause of numerous autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, rheumatism, or allergies. In addition to strengthening the immune system, shortchain fatty acids could also help make bones more stable, alleviate joint inflammation, lower cholesterol levels or reduce appetite. An expanding range of candidate probiotic species and prebiotic substrates is emerging to address newly elucidated datadriven microbial niches and host targets. New variants of microbiome-modulating interventions are developing overlapping with, and adjacent to, the probiotic and prebiotic fields. Personalized nutrition and precision medicine are increasingly influencing the targeting and use of probiotics and pre biotics. As a result, the modulation of microbial signatures towards finding the appropriate “piece of the puzzle” to maintain the health of specific functions or to combat individual disease states is increasing. High-quality, tested synbiotics can be the best of both worlds Nowadays, live microorganisms are increasingly used with special dietary fibers to combine their health benefits. However, one must keep in mind that the combination of prebiotics and probiotics is not always beneficial, as not all of them go together. In any case, it is crucial to find a high-quality, tested combination. Besides, many people do not tolerate specific prebiotics well. Many soluble prebiotics are broken down too quickly by the intestinal flora, possibly leading to flatulence, bloating, and abdominal pain. Two examples of new-generation prebiotics that combine perfectly with probiotics Sunfiber ® is a water-soluble bean fiber derived from the guar bean. This is a galactomannan fiber (partially hydrolyzed guar gum, PHGG) that is very low viscous and non-gelling. It is a perfect ingredient for patients with irritable bowel syndrome and functional gastrointestinal disorders. Sunfiber ® is the first dietary fiber certified by Monash University as a low-FODMAP dietary fiber (fermentable oligosaccha- 20% C LIPOSOMAL VITAMIN HIGH STABILITY AND BIOAVAILABILITY READY-TO-USE SOLUTION LIQUID FORM : OPTIMAL EFFICIENCY / ABSORPTION THE SOLUTION CAN BE FLAVOURED Made in France +33(0)2.98.50.41.60 // contact@capsularis.com

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