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Wellness Foods & Supplements 3/2020

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Wellness Foods & Supplements is the first European magazine devoted exclusively to health ingredients, nutraceutical foods and beverages.

Nutrition and ageing

Nutrition and ageing Photo © : Adobe Stock/pressmaster Outstanding milk proteins & bioactives, allies of seniors Sandrine Tran & Elsa Trotier Introduction The global population is ageing rapidly as it is projected to double in 30 years. Senior population projection to 2050 1 Nowadays seniors actively seek to maintain good health in everyday life. Healthy ageing is the process of “developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age” 2 . Population Today 929 million + 60 years old Seniors have specific nutritional needs (proteins, calcium, etc.) as they are more exposed to health issues. Despite this, they do not want to feel categorized and nutritional products must be indulgent and attractive. The ageing population market 2050 2 billion By 2050, WHO projects that 434 million people will be 80 or older Seniors can be defined as aged from 50 to 65 according to countries (WHO, 2020). Older population can be considered as the elderly. Two types of nutrition exist on the ageing population market: the senior nutrition and the geriatric nutrition. 12 No. 3 November/December 2020

Nutrition and ageing The senior nutrition The senior nutrition includes food supplements or functional food used as prevention to stay healthy and to prevent diseases among seniors and elderly people. It aims to accompany them to improve their well-being and prevent undernutrition. It is part of the clinical nutrition. The elderly’s protein and calcium needs It is mandatory to provide enough proteins to the body in order to increase the muscular protein synthesis. 3, 4, 5 Elderly people’s nutritional needs: recommended protein intake Elderly nutritional needs Adults Elderly Market data of the senior nutrition (Euromonitor, 2020) Since 2017, the senior market has been expanding tremendously. During the past year, most launched senior-destined products were high protein milk and dietary supplements. They were mainly sold in China and 93 % of the launched products have a “senior (age 55+)” claim on packagings. In Europe, such claims are very few, as the population is less inclined to feel labeled (Mintel, 2020). 42 % of the senior nutrition products have more than 10 % of proteins and 14 % of them have a “high protein” claim (Mintel, 2020). The geriatric nutrition The geriatric nutrition targets elderly people who have diseases or are undernourished. 1st segment clinical nutrition H E L P T H R O U G H T H E I L L N E S S Geriatric nutrition market 11.6 USD billion Market data of the geriatric nutrition (Euromonitor, 2020) Protein intake 0.83g/kg/d A sufficient protein intake is necessary to maintain normal body functions * 1.2 times more than average adults ** 1.6 times more than average adults In good health Protein intake 1 - 1.2g/kg/d* Undernourished elderly people need a protein intake 50 % to 88 % superior to healthy adults but usually have low appetite. They also need a 1200 mg of calcium intake per day (EFSA, 2015; International Osteoporosis foundation). Seniors, prone to develop complications and diseases with age Undernourished Protein intake 1.2 - 1.5g/kg/d** Undernutrition and sarcopenia One is undernourished if the BMI (Body Mass Index) is less than 21. It is recommended for an undernourished elderly person to avoid long fasting periods, such as night fasting (more than 12 hours a day), and to have a protein and energy enriched diet. 6 Undernutrition is directly linked to muscle degradation. It aggravates sarcopenia, which is the reduction of muscular mass and physi cal abilities that eventually appear from 40 to 50. 7, 8 The leucine, an essential amino acid, is also important to trigger muscle synthesis 9, 10 with a necessary quantity of 2–-3 g among elderly people. To delay complications and avoid undernutrition when being older, prevention is recommended for seniors. Osteopenia After the age of 50, developing osteopenia (progressive bone weakening) is common. The aim is to strengthen bone mass to delay osteoporosis as much as possible. Osteoporosis corresponds to bone No. 3 November/December 2020 13

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